Cika fom ɗin da ke ƙasa kuma za mu aiko muku da sigar PDF ta "Sabbin haɓaka fasaha don canza carbon dioxide zuwa mai ruwa" ta imel
Carbon dioxide (CO2) samfuri ne na ƙona man fetur da kuma iskar gas mafi yawan gaske, wanda za a iya mayar da shi mai amfani ta hanyar da ta dace. Hanya ɗaya mai kyau ta canza hayakin CO2 zuwa abincin mai ita ce tsarin da ake kira rage sinadarin lantarki. Amma domin ya zama mai amfani a kasuwanci, ana buƙatar inganta tsarin don zaɓar ko samar da ƙarin samfuran da ake so masu ɗauke da carbon. Yanzu, kamar yadda aka ruwaito a cikin mujallar Nature Energy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) ta ƙirƙiro wata sabuwar hanya don inganta saman sinadarin jan ƙarfe da ake amfani da shi don amsawar taimako, ta haka ne za a ƙara zaɓin tsarin.
"Kodayake mun san cewa jan ƙarfe shine mafi kyawun mai haifar da wannan amsawar, amma ba ya samar da babban zaɓi ga samfurin da ake so," in ji Alexis, babban masanin kimiyya a Sashen Kimiyyar Sinadarai a Berkeley Lab kuma farfesa a fannin injiniyan sinadarai a Jami'ar California, Berkeley. Spell ya ce. "Ƙungiyarmu ta gano cewa za ku iya amfani da yanayin gida na mai haifar da amsawar don yin dabaru daban-daban don samar da irin wannan zaɓi."
A cikin binciken da aka yi a baya, masu bincike sun kafa takamaiman yanayi don samar da mafi kyawun yanayin lantarki da sinadarai don ƙirƙirar samfuran da ke ɗauke da carbon mai daraja a kasuwanci. Amma waɗannan yanayi sun saba wa yanayin da ke faruwa a zahiri a cikin ƙwayoyin mai na yau da kullun ta amfani da kayan da ke amfani da ruwa.
Domin tantance ƙirar da za a iya amfani da ita a yanayin ruwan mai, a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Cibiyar Innovation ta Makamashi ta Liquid Sunshine Alliance ta Ma'aikatar Makamashi, Bell da tawagarsa sun juya zuwa wani siririn ionomer, wanda ke ba da damar wasu ƙwayoyin da aka caji (ions) su ratsa ta. Banda sauran ions. Saboda halayen sinadarai masu zaɓe sosai, sun dace musamman don yin tasiri mai ƙarfi akan yanayin ƙasa.
Chanyeon Kim, wani mai bincike na digiri na biyu a ƙungiyar Bell kuma marubucin farko na wannan takarda, ya ba da shawarar shafa saman abubuwan kara kuzari na tagulla da ionomers guda biyu, Nafion da Sustainion. Ƙungiyar ta yi hasashen cewa yin hakan ya kamata ya canza yanayin da ke kusa da mai kara kuzari - gami da pH da adadin ruwa da carbon dioxide - ta wata hanya don jagorantar amsawar samar da samfuran da ke da wadataccen carbon waɗanda za a iya canza su cikin sauƙi zuwa sinadarai masu amfani. Samfura da man fetur na ruwa.
Masu binciken sun yi amfani da siririn Layer na kowanne ionomer da kuma Layer biyu na ionomers guda biyu a kan wani fim na jan ƙarfe wanda aka tallafa masa da wani abu na polymer don samar da fim, wanda za su iya sakawa kusa da ƙarshen ɗaya na ƙwayar lantarki mai siffar hannu. Lokacin da suke allurar carbon dioxide a cikin batirin da kuma amfani da ƙarfin lantarki, sun auna jimillar wutar lantarki da ke gudana ta cikin batirin. Sannan suka auna iskar gas da ruwan da aka tara a cikin ma'ajiyar da ke kusa da ita yayin amsawar. Ga shari'ar mai layuka biyu, sun gano cewa samfuran da ke ɗauke da carbon sun kai kashi 80% na kuzarin da amsawar ta cinye - sama da kashi 60% a shari'ar da ba a rufe ba.
"Wannan rufin sandwich yana samar da mafi kyawun duka duniyoyi biyu: babban zaɓi na samfura da kuma babban aiki," in ji Bell. Ba wai kawai saman Layer biyu yana da kyau ga samfuran da ke ɗauke da carbon ba, har ma yana samar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a lokaci guda, wanda ke nuna ƙaruwar aiki.
Masu binciken sun kammala da cewa ingantaccen martanin ya samo asali ne sakamakon yawan sinadarin CO2 da aka tara a cikin murfin kai tsaye a saman jan ƙarfe. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin da ke taruwa a yankin tsakanin ionomers guda biyu za su samar da ƙarancin sinadarin acid na gida. Wannan haɗin yana daidaita musayar yawan sinadarin da ke faruwa idan babu fina-finan ionomer.
Domin ƙara inganta ingancin amsawar, masu binciken sun juya zuwa wata fasaha da aka tabbatar a baya wadda ba ta buƙatar fim ɗin ionomer a matsayin wata hanya ta ƙara yawan CO2 da pH: ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi. Ta hanyar amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi a kan murfin ionomer mai layuka biyu, masu binciken sun cimma ƙaruwa da kashi 250% a cikin samfuran da ke ɗauke da carbon idan aka kwatanta da jan ƙarfe mara rufi da ƙarfin lantarki mai tsauri.
Duk da cewa wasu masu bincike sun fi mai da hankali kan samar da sabbin abubuwan kara kuzari, gano sinadarin kara kuzarin bai yi la'akari da yanayin aiki ba. Sarrafa muhalli a saman sinadarin kara kuzari wata sabuwar hanya ce kuma daban.
"Ba mu fito da wani sabon abu mai kara kuzari ba, amma mun yi amfani da fahimtarmu game da motsin amsawa kuma mun yi amfani da wannan ilimin don shiryar da mu wajen tunanin yadda za mu canza yanayin wurin kara kuzari," in ji Adam Weber, babban injiniya. Masana kimiyya a fannin fasahar makamashi a Berkeley Laboratories kuma marubucin takardu.
Mataki na gaba shine faɗaɗa samar da abubuwan ƙarfafawa masu rufi. Gwaje-gwajen farko na ƙungiyar Berkeley Lab sun haɗa da ƙananan tsarin ƙirar lebur, waɗanda suka fi sauƙi fiye da manyan sassan da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacen kasuwanci. "Ba abu ne mai wahala a shafa shafi a kan saman lebur ba. Amma hanyoyin kasuwanci na iya haɗawa da shafa ƙananan ƙwallon jan ƙarfe," in ji Bell. Ƙara wani Layer na rufi na biyu ya zama ƙalubale. Wata dama ita ce a haɗa da kuma sanya murfin biyu a cikin wani abu mai narkewa, da fatan za su rabu lokacin da ruwan ya ƙafe. Me zai faru idan ba su yi ba? Bell ya kammala da cewa: "Muna buƙatar mu zama masu wayo kawai." Duba Kim C, Bui JC, Luo X da sauransu. Yanayin haɓaka mai haɓakawa na musamman don rage CO2 zuwa samfuran carbon da yawa ta amfani da murfin ionomer mai layi biyu akan jan ƙarfe. Nat Energy. 2021;6(11):1026-1034. doi:10.1038/s41560-021-00920-8
An sake buga wannan labarin daga kayan da ke ƙasa. Lura: Wataƙila an gyara kayan don tsayi da abun ciki. Don ƙarin bayani, tuntuɓi majiyar da aka ambata.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-22-2021
