Masana'antar iskar gas ta musamman ta duniya ta shiga cikin 'yan gwaji da wahala a cikin 'yan watannin nan. Masana'antu na ci gaba da fuskantar matsin lamba, daga ci gaba da damuwaheliumsamar da wani yuwuwar rikicin guntuwar na'urorin lantarki da ya haifar da ƙarancin iskar gas da ba kasafai ake samu ba bayan yakin Rasha da Ukraine.
A cikin sabon gidan yanar gizo na Gas World, "Specialty Gas Spotlight," masana masana'antu daga manyan kamfanoni Electrofluoro Carbons (EFC) da Weldcoa suna amsa tambayoyi game da kalubalen da ke fuskantar iskar gas na musamman a yau.

Ukraine ita ce kasa mafi girma a duniya da ke samar da iskar gas, ciki har daneon, kryptonkumaxenon. A duk duniya, ƙasar tana samar da kusan kashi 70% na abubuwan duniyaneongas da 40% na duniyakryptongas. Ukrain kuma yana ba da kashi 90 cikin 100 na babban darajar semiconductorneoniskar gas da ake amfani da shi wajen kera kwakwalwan kwamfuta da masana'antun Amurka ke amfani da su, a cewar Cibiyar Dabaru da Nazari ta Duniya.

A cikin yawan amfani da guntuwar samar da wutar lantarki, ci gaba da ƙarancin iskar gas na iya yin tasiri ga samar da fasahohin da aka saka a cikin na'urorin lantarki, gami da motoci, kwamfutoci, tsarin soja da kayan aikin likita.

Matt Adams, mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na masu samar da iskar gas Electronic Fluorocarbons, ya bayyana cewa masana'antar iskar gas da ba kasafai ba, musamman xenon dakrypton, yana ƙarƙashin "babban" matsi. "A matakin kayan aiki, ƙarar da ake samu yana da tasiri mai tsanani ga masana'antu," in ji Adams.

Buƙatu na ci gaba da ƙarewa yayin da ake ci gaba da samun takurawa. Tare da sashin tauraron dan adam wanda ke da kaso mafi girma na kasuwar xenon ta duniya, karuwar saka hannun jari a tauraron dan adam da fasahar tauraron dan adam da fasahohin da ke da alaƙa suna ci gaba da rushe masana'antar a halin yanzu.

“Lokacin da kuka harba tauraron dan adam na dala biliyan, ba za ku iya yin kasa a gwiwa ba kan karancinsaxenon, don haka yana nufin dole ne ka samu, "in ji Adams. Wannan ya sanya ƙarin matsin lamba akan kayan kuma muna ganin hauhawar farashin kasuwa, don haka abokan cinikinmu suna fuskantar ƙalubale. Don saduwa da waɗannan ƙalubalen, EFC na ci gaba da saka hannun jari a cikin tsarkakewa, tarwatsawa da ƙarin samar da iskar gas mai kyau a wurin Hatfield, Pennsylvania.

Lokacin da yazo da haɓaka zuba jari a cikin iskar gas mai daraja, tambaya ta taso: ta yaya? Karancin iskar iskar gas yana nufin ƙalubalen samar da yawa. Halin sarkar samar da kayayyaki yana nufin cewa canje-canje masu tasiri na iya ɗaukar shekaru, Adams ya bayyana: “Ko da kun himmatu wajen saka hannun jari, yana iya ɗaukar shekaru daga lokacin da kuka yanke shawarar saka hannun jari zuwa lokacin da a zahiri ya samo muku samfur. "A cikin waɗancan shekarun da kamfanoni ke saka hannun jari, ya zama ruwan dare don ganin canjin farashin da zai iya hana masu saka hannun jari, kuma daga wannan hangen nesa, Adams ya yi imanin cewa yayin da masana'antar ke saka hannun jari, tana buƙatar ƙari saboda haɓakar iskar gas mai wuya." Bukatar za ta tashi kawai.

Farfadowa da sake yin amfani da su

Ta hanyar farfadowa da sake yin amfani da iskar gas, kamfanoni na iya adana farashi da lokacin samarwa. Sake sarrafa su da sake amfani da su sukan zama “masu zafi” lokacin da farashin iskar gas ya yi yawa, tare da dogaro mai yawa akan farashin yanzu. Yayin da kasuwa ya daidaita kuma farashin ya koma matakan tarihi, saurin farfadowa ya fara raguwa.

Hakan na iya canzawa saboda damuwa game da ƙarancin yanayi da abubuwan muhalli.

"Abokan ciniki sun fara mai da hankali sosai kan sake yin amfani da su da sake amfani da su," Adams ya bayyana. "Suna so su san suna da tsaro. Haƙiƙa cutar ta zama abin buɗe ido ga masu amfani da ƙarshen, kuma yanzu suna duban yadda za mu iya sanya hannun jari mai dorewa don tabbatar da cewa muna da kayan da muke buƙata. ” Hukumar ta EFC ta yi abin da za ta iya, inda ta ziyarci kamfanonin tauraron dan adam guda biyu, kuma ta kwato iskar gas daga masu turawa kai tsaye a kan harba tauraron. Yawancin masu tuƙi suna amfani da iskar xenon, wanda ba shi da sinadarai, mara launi, mara wari da ɗanɗano. Adams ya ce yana ganin wannan yanayin zai ci gaba, inda ya kara da cewa direbobin da ke sake yin amfani da su sun ta'allaka ne da samun kayan aiki da kuma samun ingantattun tsare-tsare na kasuwanci, biyu daga cikin manyan dalilan zuba jari.

Kasuwanni masu tasowa

Ba kamar sabbin aikace-aikace a cikin sabbin kasuwanni ba, kasuwar iskar gas koyaushe tana son yin amfani da tsoffin samfuran don sabbin aikace-aikace. "Alal misali, muna ganin wuraren R&D suna amfani da carbon dioxide a cikin samarwa da aikin R&D, wani abu da ba za ku yi tunanin shekaru da suka gabata ba," in ji Adams.

"Maɗaukaki-tsarki ya fara samun buƙatu na gaske a kasuwa a matsayin kayan aiki. Ina tsammanin yawancin ci gaban da ake samu a Amurka zai fito ne daga manyan kasuwanni a kasuwannin da muke hidima a halin yanzu." Wannan ci gaban na iya bayyana a cikin fasaha kamar kwakwalwan kwamfuta, inda Daga cikin waɗannan fasahohin, fasaha na ci gaba da haɓakawa kuma suna ƙarami. Idan bukatar sabbin kayayyaki ta yi girma, masana'antar za ta iya ganin kayan da aka saba sayar da su a fagen sun zama abin nema.

Da yake karin haske kan ra'ayin Adams cewa kasuwanni masu tasowa na iya kasancewa a cikin manyan masana'antu na masana'antu, masanin filin Weldcoa kuma kwararre na goyon bayan kwastomomi Kevin Klotz ya ce kamfanin ya ga babban canji a cikin kayayyakin sararin samaniya wadanda ke kara zama masu zaman kansu. Bangaren buƙatu da yawa.

“Komai daga hadakar iskar gas zuwa duk wani abu da ba zan taba tunanin yana kusa da iskar gas na musamman ba; amma superfluids waɗanda ke amfani da carbon dioxide azaman isar da makamashi a cikin cibiyoyin nukiliya ko manyan aikace-aikacen sarrafa sararin samaniya." Masana'antar samfuran suna haɓaka tare da canje-canje a cikin fasaha da fasahohin da ke tasowa, kamar samar da makamashi, ajiyar makamashi, da sauransu." "Don haka, inda duniyarmu ta riga ta kasance, sabbin abubuwa da yawa masu ban sha'awa suna faruwa," in ji Klotz.