Silanewani fili ne na silicon da hydrogen, kuma kalma ce ta gaba ɗaya don jerin mahadi. Silane galibi ya haɗa da monosilane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6) da wasu mahadi na siliki na siliki, tare da maƙasudin SinH2n+2. Koyaya, a zahirin samarwa, gabaɗaya muna komawa zuwa monosilane (tsarin sinadarai SiH4) azaman “silane”.

Kayan lantarkisilin gasAn yafi samu ta daban-daban dauki distillation da tsarkakewa na silicon foda, hydrogen, silicon tetrachloride, mai kara kuzari, da dai sauransu Silane da tsarki na 3N zuwa 4N ake kira masana'antu-sa silane, da silane da tsarki na fiye da 6N ake kira electronic- silane mai daraja.

A matsayin tushen gas don ɗaukar abubuwan silicon,silin gasya zama iskar gas mai mahimmanci na musamman wanda ba za a iya maye gurbinsa da wasu maɓuɓɓugan siliki da yawa ba saboda girman tsarkinsa da ikonsa na samun iko mai kyau. Monosilane yana haifar da silicon crystalline ta hanyar amsawar pyrolysis, wanda a halin yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin samar da manyan sikelin siliki monocrystalline granular da silicon polycrystalline a duniya.

Silane halaye

Silane (SiH4)iskar gas ce mara launi wanda ke amsawa da iska kuma yana haifar da shaƙewa. Ma'anarsa shine silicon hydride. Tsarin sinadarai na silane shine SiH4, kuma abun ciki ya kai 99.99%. A cikin zafin jiki da matsa lamba, silane iskar gas ce mai ƙamshi mai ƙamshi. Matsayin narkewa na silane shine -185 ℃ kuma wurin tafasa shine -112 ℃. A dakin da zazzabi, silane yana da karko, amma idan mai tsanani zuwa 400 ℃, zai gaba daya bazu zuwa gaseous silicon da hydrogen. Silane yana ƙonewa kuma yana fashewa, kuma zai ƙone da fashewa a cikin iska ko halogen gas.

Filin aikace-aikace

Silane yana da amfani mai yawa. Baya ga kasancewa hanya mafi inganci don haɗa ƙwayoyin siliki zuwa saman tantanin halitta yayin samar da ƙwayoyin hasken rana, ana kuma amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar masana'anta kamar semiconductor, nunin fa'ida, da gilashin mai rufi.

Silaneshine tushen silicon don tafiyar da tururi na sinadarai irin su silicon crystal guda ɗaya, polycrystalline silicon epitaxial wafers, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, da gilashin phosphosilicate a cikin masana'antar semiconductor, kuma ana amfani dashi ko'ina a cikin samarwa da haɓaka sel na hasken rana, ganguna na silicon copier. , firikwensin hoto, filaye na gani, da gilashin musamman.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, manyan aikace-aikacen fasaha na silanes har yanzu suna tasowa, ciki har da kera na'urori masu tasowa, kayan haɗin gwiwa, kayan aikin aiki, kayan aikin halitta, kayan aiki masu ƙarfi, da dai sauransu, sun zama tushen yawancin sababbin fasaha, sababbin kayan aiki, da sababbin abubuwa. na'urori.