Acetylene (C2H2)

Siffofin fasaha

Acetylene, dabarar kwayoyin C2H2, wanda aka fi sani da iska mai iska ko iskar carbide gas, shine mafi ƙarancin memba na mahadi na alkyne. Acetylene mara launi ne, ɗanɗano mai guba kuma iskar gas mai ƙonewa mai rauni tare da rauni mai rauni da tasirin iskar oxygen a ƙarƙashin yanayin al'ada da matsa lamba. Yana da ɗan narkewa cikin ruwa, mai narkewa a cikin ethanol, benzene, da acetone. Pure acetylene ba shi da wari, amma acetylene masana'antu yana da kamshin tafarnuwa domin yana dauke da datti kamar hydrogen sulfide da phosphine. Pure acetylene iskar gas mara launi da kamshi. Yana iya fashewa da ƙarfi a cikin ruwa da ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi ko a yanayin gas da wani matsi. Abubuwa kamar zafi, girgiza, da walƙiya na lantarki na iya haifar da fashewa, don haka ba za a iya shayar da shi cikin matsin lamba ba. Adana ko sufuri. A 15 ° C da 1.5MPa, solubility a cikin acetone yana da girma sosai, tare da solubility na 237g/L, don haka acetylene masana'antu shine acetylene narkar da a acetone, wanda ake kira narkar da acetylene. Sabili da haka, a cikin masana'antu, a cikin silinda na karfe da aka cika da kayan da ba su da kyau irin su asbestos, an matse acetylene a cikin kayan da ba a so ba bayan shayar da acetone don ajiya da sufuri. Gas na acetylene na iya haifar da zafi mai zafi lokacin da ya ƙone. Zazzabi na harshen wuta na oxyacetylene na iya kaiwa kusan 3200 ℃. Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don yankan karfe kamar ginin jirgi da tsarin karfe; ana amfani da shi don haɓakar kwayoyin halitta (yin acetaldehyde, acetic acid, benzene, roba roba, filaye na roba, da dai sauransu), Magungunan roba da sinadarai masu tsaka-tsakin vinyl acetylene ko divinyl acetylene; ana amfani da su don samar da daidaitattun iskar gas irin su Transformer oil analysis daidaitaccen iskar gas. Ana amfani da iskar acetylene mai tsabta don ɗaukar atomic da sauran kayan aiki. Hanyar marufi na acetylene yawanci ana narkar da shi a cikin kaushi da kayan porous kuma an cika shi cikin silinda na ƙarfe. Ajiye a cikin ɗakin ajiya mai sanyi, mai iska. Ka nisantar da wuta da tushen zafi. Yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30 ° C ba. Ya kamata a adana shi daban daga oxidants, acids, da halogens, kuma a guje wa ajiya mai gauraya. Yi amfani da fitilun da ke hana fashewa da wuraren samun iska. An haramta amfani da kayan aikin injiniya da kayan aikin da ke da saurin tartsatsi. Wurin ajiya ya kamata a sanye shi da kayan aikin jinya na gaggawa.

Aikace-aikace:

①Yanke da walda karfe:

Lokacin da acetylene ya ƙone, zai iya haifar da yawan zafin jiki. A zafin jiki na oxyacetylene harshen iya isa game da 3200 ℃, wanda ake amfani da yankan da walda karafa.

②Tsarin albarkatun sinadarai:

Acetylene shine tushen albarkatun kasa don kera acetaldehyde, acetic acid, benzene, roba roba, da zaruruwan roba.

③ Gwaji

Ana iya amfani da acetylene mai tsabta a wasu gwaje-gwaje.

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